Floor Panel, Flooring System and Method for Laying Flooring System

ABSTRACT

A floor panel comprises a protrusion end face having a protrusion and a recess end face having a recess. The profiles of the protrusion and the recess are allowed to be installed in the following manner: placing the protrusion nearby the recess of an already installed floor panel, and then applying a pressure to introduce the protrusion in the recess. A flooring system allows use of said method to install more than one floor panel. According to the solution of the present invention, the installation and pave of the floor panels is very simple and the installed floor panels do not easily separate.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a floor panel, a flooring system formed by multiple floor panels and a method for laying the floor panels.

BACKGROUND ART

Hardwood has been used as a floor covering for several hundred years. Both hardwood floor and wood composite laminate flooring are coupled by using a traditional “tongue-groove” structure. In the traditional “tongue-groove” structure, the tongue is easily joined to the corresponding groove by horizontally moving the tongue in the same plane as the floor towards the groove. Although this installation method is relatively simple, it renders the tongue-and-groove joint susceptible to separation by interference of external force or temperature-dependent factors. People dislike separation of floor panels because it may make the already installed floor panels disassembled and it leads to unpleasant appearance.

To solve separation of this “tongue-groove” structure, “tongue-groove” is designed not only to be transversely coupled but also to lock the floor panels in the horizontal direction. However, the design overcoming separation might cause difficulty in installation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel “protrusion-recess” structure which not only ensures transverse connection and horizontal locking between a protrusion and a recess but also is installed very easily even at a corner of wall, without decoupling.

As to floor panel, a floor panel comprises: an upper surface; a floor contact surface; a side surface (“a recess end face”) having a recess, wherein the side surface comprises an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface, a lower lip and a recess including a upper recess first contact surface, a lower recess second contact surface and a recess guide surface; and a side surface (“a protrusion end face”) having a protrusion, the protrusion of the side surface including a upper protrusion first contact surface, a lower protrusion second contact surface and a protrusion guide surface. When the protrusion of one floor panel is placed in the recess of another identical floor panel and a pressure in a direction substantially orthogonal to the upper surface is applied thereto, the pressure makes the protrusion guide surface in contact with the recess guide surface and introduces the protrusion into the recess. After the protrusion end face of one floor panel is joined to the recess end face of another identical floor panel, the upper first contact surface of the protrusion is engaged with the upper first contact surface of the recess so as to prevent decoupling of the floor panels in a direction orthogonal to the upper surface; the lower second contact surface of the protrusion is engaged with the lower second contact surface of the recess so as to avoid decoupling of the floor panels in a direction orthogonal to the protrusion end face.

The floor panel can be made of a wood composite material such as a medium density fiberboard (MDF) or a high density fiberboard (HDF), or natural wood or bamboo material, or other material with certain elasticity.

When the protrusion end face of one floor panel is joined to the recess end face of another identical floor panel, a cavity is formed between the protrusion and the recess lower lip. The lower protrusion second contact surface and the lower recess second contact surface may be at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the upper surface.

The floor panel has a thickness of between about 0.5 cm and 1.5 cm. The protrusion substantially extends along the entire length of the protrusion end face. The recess substantially extends along the entire length of the recess end face. The floor panel can have another protrusion end face (“second protrusion end face”) and another recess end face (“second recess end face”). A back notch may be provided in the lower surface of the protrusion.

Another solution of the present invention is that a floor panel comprises: an upper surface; a floor contact surface; a side surface (“a recess end face”) having a recess, wherein the side surface comprises an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface, a lower lip and a recess including a upper recess first contact surface, a lower recess second contact surface and a recess guide surface; a side surface (“a protrusion end face”) having a protrusion, the protrusion of the side surface including a upper protrusion first contact surface, a lower protrusion second contact surface and a protrusion guide surface, wherein a second recess upper lip surface is provided at an outer end of the upper recess first contact surface and joined to the upper recess second contact surface, wherein the recess first upper lip surface is substantially parallel to the recess second upper lip surface; the upper recess first contact surface is substantially parallel to the upper recess second contact surface.

For said floor panel, a second protrusion upper side surface is provided at an outer end of the upper protrusion first contact surface and joined to the upper protrusion second contact surface, wherein the protrusion first upper side surface is substantially parallel to the protrusion second upper side surface, and the upper protrusion first contact surface is substantially parallel to the upper protrusion second contact surface.

The present invention further provides a floor panel, comprising: an upper surface; a floor contact surface; a side surface (“a recess end face”) having a recess, wherein the side surface comprises an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface, a lower lip and a recess including a upper recess first contact surface, a lower recess second contact surface and a recess guide surface; a side surface (“a protrusion end face”) having a protrusion portion, the protrusion of the side surface including a upper protrusion first contact surface, a lower protrusion second contact surface and a protrusion guide surface, wherein a back notch is provided in the lower surface of the protrusion.

As to flooring system, a flooring system comprises a first floor panel and a second floor panel, the first floor panel comprising: an upper surface; a floor contact surface; a recess end face including: (1) an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface, (2) a lower lip and (3) a recess including a upper first contact surface, a lower second contact surface and a guide surface; the second floor panel including: an upper surface; a floor contact surface; and a protrusion end face, the protrusion of the protrusion end face including a upper first contact surface, a lower second contact surface and a guide surface. When the protrusion of one floor panel is placed in the recess of another identical floor panel and a pressure is applied thereto in a direction substantially orthogonal to the upper surface, the pressure makes the protrusion guide surface in contact with the recess guide surface and introduces the protrusion into the recess. After the protrusion end face of one floor panel is joined to the recess end face of another identical floor panel, the upper protrusion first contact surface is engaged with the upper recess first contact surface so as to prevent decoupling of the floor panels in a direction orthogonal to the upper surface; the lower protrusion second contact surface is engaged with the lower recess second contact surface so as to avoid decoupling of the floor panels in a direction orthogonal to the protrusion end face.

A cavity is formed between the protrusion and the recess lower lip. The lower protrusion second contact surface and the lower recess second contact surface may be at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the upper surface.

As to method of paving a flooring system, a method of laying a flooring system comprises the step of positioning a first floor panel having the aforesaid features and a second floor panel having the above features. Placing the first floor panel with the floor contact surface thereof on the floor surface or a liner material; placing the second floor panel with the protrusion thereof disposed on the recess lower lip of the first floor panel; applying a pressure to the upper surface in a direction orthogonal to the upper surface to bring the protrusion guide surface in contact with the recess guide surface and introduce the protrusion into the recess.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

All the features of the present invention will be described in detail by virtue of the following embodiments illustrated by the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a floor panel including a protrusion end face and a recess end face.

FIG. 2A is a lateral cross sectional view of the protrusion end face of the floor panel of FIG. 1.

FIG. 2B is a lateral cross sectional view of the recess end face of the floor recess of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a lateral cross sectional view in which the protrusion end face in FIG. 2A is being partially engaged with the recess end face of FIG. 2B.

FIG. 4 is another lateral cross sectional view in which the protrusion end face in FIG. 2A is being partially engaged with the recess end face of FIG. 2B.

FIG. 5 is a lateral cross sectional view in which the protrusion end face in FIG. 2A is already installed in the recess end face of FIG. 2B.

FIG. 6 is a lateral cross sectional view of a second embodiment in which the protrusion end face is installed in the recess end face.

FIG. 7 is a lateral cross sectional view of the second embodiment, showing the initial installation state of the protrusion end face and the recess end face.

FIG. 8 is a second lateral cross sectional view of the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 7, showing that the protrusion end face is already partially installed in the recess end face.

FIG. 9 is a third lateral cross sectional view of the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 7, showing that the protrusion end face is already partially installed in the recess end face.

FIG. 10 is a fourth lateral cross sectional view of the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 7, showing that the protrusion is already installed in the recess.

FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of the flooring system.

FIG. 12 is a top view of the flooring system as shown in FIG. 11; and

FIGS. 13-26 show more lateral cross sectional views of the embodiments regarding joining the protrusion end face with the recess end face.

MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

As shown in FIG. 1, a floor panel 10 generally has an upper surface 20 and a floor contact surface 30 which are usually planes preferably parallel to each other. When the floor panel is installed, the floor contact surface 30 of the floor panel contacts a floor 40 or a liner material, wherein the liner material can be for example a foam floor film 50 which is selectively installed between the floor 40 and the floor panel 10. On completion of installation of the floor panel 10, the upper surface 20 is visible. The upper surface 20 can comprise a decoration 60 which is a simulated wood grain or any other decorative pattern. For example, the decoration 60 can depict a stone surface. The decoration 60 can comprise a laminated decoration and be prepared by any known method, for example, by laminating a wood grain picture between the floor panel and the plastic coating. The decoration 60 can also be a certain amount of other material like wood or bamboo material, for example, the decoration 60 can be thin wood veneer.

The raw material of floor panel 10 can be any suitable material such as a wood, a wood-based composite material, a polymer, or other materials having certain elasticity. If the floor panel utilizes a wood-based composite material, the wood-based composite material can comprise a medium density fiberboard (MDF) or a high density fiberboard (HDF). The upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 of the floor panel 10 can be processed to be in any size and shape, e.g., the floor panel can be a rectangular shape with a width of 0.2 m and a length of 1.2 m. The thickness between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 of the floor panel 10 can be any suitable thickness between about 5.0 mm and 15.0 mm.

As shown in FIG. 1, the floor panel 10 comprises a protrusion end face 100 and a recess end face 200. In a recommended embodiment, the protrusion end face 100 and the recess end face 200 are two opposite sides of the floor panel 10. As shown in FIG. 1, when the floor panel 10 comprises two protrusion end faces 100, 100′ and two recess end faces 200, 200′, the protrusion end faces 100, 100′ are generally two adjacent sides of the floor panel 10, and the recess end faces 200, 200′ are also generally two adjacent sides. A plurality of floor panels 10 are installed together to form a flooring system by connecting the protrusion end face 100 or 100′ of each floor panel to the recess end face 200 or 200′ of at least another floor panel.

Although the floor panel 10 generally has two protrusion end faces 100, 100′ and two recess end faces 200, 200′ respectively opposite thereto, it can only comprise one protrusion end face 100 and one recess end face 200. Another embodiment of the present invention may only have one protrusion end face 100 or one recess end face 200 instead of simultaneously having both of them. Such floor panel is for example adapted to be laid at the foot of a wall or at a corner formed by two adjacent walls. Other embodiments of the present invention might comprise more than one protrusion end face 100, but only comprise one recess end face 200; or might comprise more than one recess end face 200 but only comprise one protrusion end face 100.

FIG. 2A shows a cross sectional view of the protrusion end face 100 of the floor panel 10 taken along the line IIA-IIA. In this embodiment, the thickness T1 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 of the floor panel 10 is in range of 5.0 mm to 15.0 mm, preferably 8.2 mm or 12.3 mm. As shown in FIG. 2A, the protrusion end face 100 is characterized by a contour line between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. The contour line 105 of the protrusion end face has plane(s), curved surface(s) and technical features between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 in sequence.

As shown in FIG. 2A, an upper side surface 110 of the protrusion is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and adjacent thereto. In this embodiment, the protrusion upper side surface 110 can be a plane extending in the range of about 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm, preferably 2.3 mm from the upper surface 20. Adjacent to the protrusion upper side surface 110 is a upper protrusion first contact surface 120 which extends between about 0.5 mm and 11.0 mm, preferably about 0.65 mm from the upper side surface 110. An angle between the protrusion upper side surface 110 and the upper protrusion first contact surface 120 is θ₁ which is in the range of from 90 degrees to 135 degrees, preferably about 110 degrees. The upper protrusion first contact surface 120 preferably ends up at a chamfer 121.

Adjacent to the upper protrusion first contact surface 120 is a protrusion side surface 130 which extends from the upper protrusion first contact surface 120 towards the floor contact surface 30 and ends up at a chamfer 131 and is adjacent to a next technical feature, e.g., a back notch 140 or a protrusion lower surface 150 on the contour line 105. During installation, the interior of the back notch can generate certain elasticity and tensile force, which on the one hand greatly reduces the drawback of downward bending of a lower lip of the recess, and on the other hand the tensile force can ensure good contact of the contact portions of the protrusion and recess when installed in place. Meanwhile, since the back notch is provided substantially in a direction vertical to the floor or in a slightly deviating direction, it cannot apparently reduce the strength of the protrusion.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the back notch 140 comprises three back notch surfaces: a first back notch surface 140 a, a second back notch surface 140 b and a third back notch surface 140 c. The first back notch surface 140 a extends from one end of the chamfer 131 and has a length of between about 2.5 mm and about 3.5 mm, preferably about 3.0 mm. The first back notch surface 140 a can be parallel to the third back notch surface 140 c or can be angled. The second back notch surface 140 b has a length of between about 1.0 mm and about 2.0 mm, preferably about 1.5 mm. The back notch 140 has a transition surface 141 b formed by the second back notch surface 140 b and the third back notch surface 140 c, the transition surface 141 b being either sharp-angled or chamfered.

A lower surface 150 of the protrusion is adjacent to the third back notch surface 140 c and substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. A sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 151 can be provided between the protrusion lower surface 150 and other technical features. The adjacent technical feature that is on the protrusion contour line 105 can refer to a protrusion guide surface 160. The angle between the protrusion guide surface 160 and the protrusion lower surface 150 is θ₄ which is between 190 degrees and 270 degrees, preferably 240 degrees.

Adjacent to one end of the protrusion guide surface 160 is a relatively low protrusion second contact surface 170 the length of which is between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm. The lower protrusion second contact surface 170 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30, which makes the horizontal connection between the installed floor panels very reliable and not liable to disengagement. Adjacent to one end of the lower protrusion second contact surface 170 is a protrusion boundary surface 180 which is substantially parallel to the protrusion guide surface 160.

The protrusion boundary surface 180 terminates at a first protrusion transition surface 190 which is substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. The first transition surface 190 terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 191. A second protrusion transition surface 192 extends from the first protrusion transition surface 190 to the floor contact surface 30, and is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. A chamfer 193 is preferably provided between the second protrusion transition surface 192 and the floor contact surface 30.

Therefore, the protrusion 106 is defined by the contour line 105 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 and begins from the protrusion upper side surface 110 orthogonal to the upper surface 20.

FIG. 2B shows a cross sectional view of the recess end face 200 of the floor panel 10 taken along the line IIB-IIB. Similarly, the thickness of the floor panel 10 is also T1. As shown in FIG. 2B, the recess end face 200 is characterized by a contour line between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. The contour line 205 of the recess has plane(s), curved surface(s) and technical features between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 in sequence. The contour line 205 is shaped and sized to preferably mate with the contour line 105 of the protrusion.

As shown in FIG. 2B, a recess upper lip surface 210 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and adjacent thereto. In this embodiment, the recess upper lip surface 210 can be for example a plane extending the upper surface 20 about 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm, preferably 2.3 mm. Adjacent to the recess upper lip surface 210 is a upper recess first contact surface 220 which extends from the recess upper lip surface 210 about 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm, preferably about 1.3 mm. An angle between the recess upper lip surface 210 and the upper recess first contact surface 220 is θ₆ which is in the range of from 210 degrees to 270 degrees, preferably about 250 degrees. The upper recess first contact surface 220 terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 221.

Adjacent to the upper recess first contact surface 220 is a recess side surface 230 which begins from the upper recess first contact surface 220 and extends towards the floor contact surface 30 and terminates at for example a chamfer 231 and is adjacent to next technical feature on the recess contour line 205, for example, a lower surface of the recess.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the recess lower surface 250 can be substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. The length of the recess lower surface 250 can be for example from 4.0 mm to 8.0 mm, preferably about 6.0 mm. There can be a chamfered transition surface 251 between the recess lower surface 250 and other technical feature. The adjacent technical feature on the recess contour line 205 may refer to a boundary surface 260. An angle between the recess boundary surface 260 and the recess lower surface 250 is θ₉ which is in the range of from 100 degrees to 150 degrees, preferably about 120 degrees.

Adjacent to one end of the recess boundary surface 260 is a lower recess second surface 270 having a length of between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm. The lower recess second contact surface 270 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. Adjacent to one end of the lower recess second contact surface 270 can be a recess guide surface 280 which is generally parallel to the recess boundary surface 260. The recess guide surface 280 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 281.

Adjacent to an end of the recess guide surface 280 is a first transition surface 290 of the recess. The first recess transition surface 290 can be substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30, and terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 291. A second recess transition surface 292 extends from the first recess transition surface 290 to the floor contact surface 30, and is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. A chamfer 293 is preferably provided between the second recess transition surface 292 and the floor contact surface 30.

Therefore, a recess 206 is defined by the recess contour line 205 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. It can begin with the recess upper lip surface 210 substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and is tangential to the transition surface 221. The recess contour line 205 shown in FIG. 2B mates the protrusion contour line 105.

As above described, the floor panel 10 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B has for example a thickness of 8.2 mm. The floor panel 10 can have any other desired thickness, e.g., 12.3 mm. The sizes depicted in the above paragraphs can be therefore adjusted.

The contour lines of the floor panels 10 can be shaped by a known milling process. A milling machine can comprise a milling cutter for forming technical features of the protrusion and recess. For example, a portion of an unprocessed floor panel 10 having quadrilateral edges is removed by the milling cutter to produce a desired contour. To produce a desired contour, the milling cutter needs to be used for multiple times. If the floor panel 10 is rectangular, two opposite edges can be simultaneously processed.

Referring to FIG. 3, the protrusion end face 100 of the first floor panel 10 and the recess end face 200 of an adjacent floor panel are in a to-be-installed state. In a preferred installing example, the floor contact surface 30 of the first floor panel 10 including the recess end face 200 is placed on the floor or preferably on a liner material on the floor. The floor panel 10 including the protrusion end face 100 is placed beside the recess end face 200 in a manner that the transition surface 121 is in contact with part of the recess upper lip surface 210 and meanwhile part of the guide surface 160 of the protrusion is placed on at least part of the guide surface 280 of the recess. As shown in FIG. 3, the two floor panels 10 are substantially parallel to each other.

FIG. 4 shows a force 300 in a direction for example substantially orthogonal to the floor surface. The force is applied on the upper surface 20 of the floor panel 10 including the protrusion end face 100. The force 300 can be applied manually or with a tool. The force 300 is such that part of the side surface 130 of the protrusion is pressed against the recess upper lip surface 210 and part of the protrusion guide surface 160 is pressed against the guide surface 280 of the recess. The guide surface 280 of the recess is urged toward the interior of the floor panel 10 including the recess end face 200 and urged downwardly towards the floor contact surface 30.

As the force 300 is constantly applied to the floor panel 10, the guide surface 160 of the protrusion slides inwardly and downwardly along the guide surface 280 of the recess, and part of side surface 130 of the protrusion slides away from the upper surface 20 along the upper lip surface 210 of the recess, such that the protrusion 106 is inserted into the recess 206 in a form of a wedge. During this process, part of the recess between the lower surface 250 of the recess and the floor contact surface 40 deviates outwardly and the opening of the recess 206 is expanded. If the protrusion has a back notch 140 therein, the insertion of the protrusion 106 like a wedge in the recess 206 causes the back notch 140 to deform to reduce the size of the protrusion during installation. The protrusion end face 100 deforms or the recess end face 200 deviates outwardly to such an extent sufficient to cause the protrusion 106 passes through the guide surface 280 of the recess into the recess 206 and sufficient to cause the side surface 130 of the protrusion passes along the upper lip surface 210 of the recess into the recess 206. So far, two adjacent floor panels 10 are joined together by stably engaging the protrusion 106 with the recess 206.

FIG. 5 shows that the protrusion 106 on the protrusion end face 100 of the first floor panel 10 is already installed in the recess 206 on the recess end face 200 of another floor panel 10. Upon completion of connection, the upper side surface 110 of the protrusion abuts closely against the upper lid surface 210 of the recess so that there is substantially no gap between the upper surfaces of the two floor panels. On completion of connection, the upper first contact surface 120 of the protrusion mates with the upper first contact surface 220 of the protrusion to prevent disengagement of the floor panels 10 in a direction orthogonal to the upper surface 20. On completion of connection, the connection can prevent the floor panel having the protrusion end face 100 from deforming in a direction away from the floor 40. As shown in FIG. 5, a lower second contact surface 170 of the protrusion mates with the lower second contact surface 270 of the recess to prevent the floor panels 10 from disengaging in a direction substantially orthogonal to the protrusion end face 100. On completion of connection, the floor panel 10 having the protrusion end face 100 is prevented from disengaging from the floor panel 10 having the recess end face 200. This disengagement might cause a gap to occur between the upper surfaces 20 of the floor panels 10.

The lower contact surface 170 of the protrusion and the lower contact surface 270 of the recess can be orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30.

If the protrusion 106 and the recess 206 are processed appropriately, after the floor panels are installed in place in a manner shown in FIG. 5, the lower lip 212 of the recess does not deviate outwardly and the back notch 140 does not deform. After the protrusion end face 100 is installed in the recess end face 200, a cavity 400 can be formed between the contour line 105 of the protrusion and the contour line 205 of the recess. The cavity 400 may have any suitable shape and size and is defined at least partially by the protrusion contour line 105 and the recess contour line 205. Noticeably, the special dimensions of the protrusion end face 100 and the recess end face 200, including the protrusion 106 and the recess 206, may vary with factors such as material of the floor panel 10 or thickness thereof.

FIG. 6 shows a second preferred embodiment in which a protrusion end face 500 is already joined to a recess end face 600. In this embodiment, the thickness between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 of the floor panel 10 is T3. As shown in FIG. 6, the protrusion end face 500 is characterized by a contour line 505 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. The recess end face 600 is characterized by a contour line 605 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. The protrusion contour line 505 and the recess contour line 605 respectively comprise plane(s), curved surface(s) and technical features between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 in sequence.

An upper side surface 510 of the protrusion and an upper lip surface 610 of the recess are closely adjacent to the upper surface 20 and form an angle of θ₁₁ between each other which can be from 0 degree and 3 degrees, preferably about 1 degree. In this embodiment, the upper side surface 510 of the protrusion and the upper lip surface 610 of the recess can be respectively a plane, extending from the upper surface 20 a distance of from about 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm, preferably about 2.0 mm. The upper lip surface 610 of the recess preferably terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 611.

Adjacent to the protrusion upper side surface 510 is an upper protrusion first contact surface 520. As shown in FIG. 6, a upper first contact surface 620 of the recess is for example adjacent to the upper lip surface 610 of the recess. In an installed state, the upper first contact surface 620 of the recess is adjacent to and generally coplanar with the upper protrusion first contact surface 520.

The upper protrusion first contact surface 520 extends from the protrusion upper side surface 510 a distance of from about 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.5 mm. The upper protrusion first contact surface 520 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 521 which is closely adjacent to another technical feature on the contour line 505 of the protrusion. This additional technical feature can be a second upper side surface 522 of the protrusion. The second protrusion upper side surface 522 can be orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. As shown in FIG. 6, the upper first contact surface 620 of the recess is closely adjacent to a second recess upper lip surface 622. In an installed state, the second upper lip surface 622 of the recess is for example parallel to and in contact with the second upper side surface 522 of the protrusion. The second upper side surface 522 of the protrusion and the second upper lip surface 622 of the recess can extend between 0.1 mm and 11.0 mm, preferably 0.5 mm. The second upper lip surface 622 of the recess can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 623.

Adjacent to the second upper side surface 522 of the protrusion is an upper second contact surface 524 of the protrusion. The upper second protrusion contact surface 524 is generally parallel to the upper first contact surface 520 of the protrusion and can extend from the upper side surface 510 of the protrusion about 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably about 1.2 mm. The upper protrusion second contact surface 524 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 525. As shown in FIG. 6, an upper second contact surface 624 of the recess can be for example adjacent to the second upper side surface 622 of the recess. In an installed state, the upper second contact surface 624 of the recess is adjacent to and generally coplanar with the upper second contact surface 524 of the protrusion.

Adjacent to the upper second contact surface 524 of the protrusion is a side surface 530 of the protrusion. In the well installed state as shown in FIG. 6, along the contour line 505 of the protrusion and the contour line 605 of the recess, no contact points are preferably provided in the segment from this point to the contact point between a lower third contact surface 570 of the protrusion and a lower third contact surface 670 of the recess.

In the segment from the upper first contact surface 520 of the protrusion, the second upper side surface 522 of the protrusion to the upper second contact surface 524 of the protrusion, the contour line of protrusion 506 substantially forms a stepped shape, which greatly facilitates installation.

Along the contour line 505 of the protrusion, the side surface 530 of the protrusion begins with the upper second contact surface 524 of the protrusion. The protrusion side surface 530 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 531 and a second planar portion 532. The second horizontal portion 532 of the protrusion side surface 530 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 533.

Closely adjacent to the side surface 530 of the protrusion is a back notch 540. The back notch 540 can comprise three back notch surfaces: a first back notch surface 540 a, a second back notch surface 540 b and a third back notch surface 540 c. The first back notch surface 540 a can begin with a chamfer 533 and can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 541 a.

The second back notch surface 540 b closely adjacent to the first back notch surface 540 a can extend about 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably about 1.0 mm. The second back notch surface 540 b can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 541 b. The third back notch surface 540 c closely adjacent to the second back notch surface 540 b can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 541 c.

Closely adjacent to the chamfered transition surface 541 c, a lower surface 550 of the protrusion for example extends in a direction generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. The protrusion lower surface 550 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 551 which is closely adjacent to a guide surface 560 of the protrusion on the contour line 505 of the protrusion. The angle formed between the protrusion guide surface 560 and the protrusion lower surface 550 is θ₁₈ which is between 90 degrees and 150 degrees, preferably 120 degrees.

Adjacent to one end of the guide surface 560 of the protrusion is a lower third contact surface 570 of the protrusion, the third contact surface 570 having a length of between 0.1 mm and 11.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm. The third contact surface 570 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. A boundary surface 580 of the protrusion is adjacent to one end of the third contact surface 570 of the protrusion and generally parallel to the guide surface 560 of the protrusion.

The boundary surface 580 of the protrusion terminates at a first transition surface 590 of the protrusion. The first transition surface 590 of the protrusion can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30 and terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 591. A second transition surface 592 of the protrusion extends from the first transition surface 590 of the protrusion to the floor contact surface 30 and is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30.

Therefore, the protrusion 506 is defined by the contour line 505 of the protrusion located between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 and can begin with the upper side surface 510 of the protrusion orthogonal to the upper surface 20.

As above discussed, in a completely joined state, the upper second contact surface 624 of the recess is longer than the upper second contact surface 524 of the protrusion. Adjacent to the upper second contact surface 624 of the recess is a recess side surface 630 which can comprise a first planar portion 632. Adjacent to the first planar portion 632 is a second planar portion 634 which forms an angle θ₂₁ with the first planar portion 632, wherein θ₂₁ is between 90 degrees and 160 degrees, preferably 140 degrees. The recess side surface 630 can further comprise a continuous curved surface 636 which is closely adjacent to one end of the second planar portion 634. If desired, the continuous curved surface 636 can comprise a plurality of planes and curved surfaces.

As shown in FIG. 6, closely adjacent to the recess side surface 630 is a recess lower surface 650 which can be substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. There can be a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 651 between the recess lower surface 650 and next technical feature on the recess contour line 605. The next technical feature herein can be a recess boundary surface 660.

The angle between the recess boundary surface 660 and the recess lower surface 650 is θ₂₂ which is between 90 degrees and 150 degrees, preferably 120 degrees.

Adjacent to one end of the recess boundary surface 660 is a lower recess third contact surface 670 which has a length of between 0.1 mm and 11.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm and is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. Adjacent to one end of the lower recess third contact surface 670 is a recess guide surface 680 which can be generally parallel to the recess boundary surface 660. The recess guide surface 680 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 681.

Adjacent to one end of the recess guide surface 680 is a first recess transition surface 690 which can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30 and terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 691. A second recess transition surface 692 extends from the first recess transition surface 690 to the floor contact surface 30 and can be substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30.

Therefore, a recess 606 is defined by a recess contour line 605 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 and can extend to a vertical surface which is tangential to the recess side surface 630 and substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. The technical features on the recess contour line 605 can mate with the technical features on the protrusion contour line 505.

FIGS. 7-9 show steps of installing the protrusion end face 500 and the recess end face 600 as shown in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 7, a junction point 700 between the upper surface 20 on the protrusion end face and the upper side surface 510 of the protrusion may serve as a rotation axle for the floor panel 10 including the protrusion end face 500, which rotation axle is close to a junction point between the upper surface 20 on the recess end face 600 and the recess upper lip surface 610. The protrusion lower surface 550 abuts against a junction point between the recess guide surface 680 and the recess first transition surface 690. As shown in FIG. 7, if the junction point 700 is considered as an axle to install the protrusion end face 500 into the recess end face 600 in a rotation manner, part of the recess end face 600 needs to undergo a large displacement of about 6.3 mm.

In FIG. 8, a junction point 702 between the upper protrusion second contact surface 524 and the protrusion side surface 530 of the protrusion end face 500 is chose as a second rotation axle and allowed to abut against a junction point between the upper recess second contact surface 620 and the second recess upper lip surface 622 of the recess end face 600. As shown in FIG. 8, if the protrusion end face 500 is installed in the recess end face 600 in a rotation manner when the junction point 702 is considered as an axle, part of the recess end face 600 undergoes a relatively small displacement of about 2.0 mm. As shown in FIG. 9, a contact surface with a length of L14 is formed between the protrusion guide surface 560 and the recess guide surface 680 when the junction point 702 is regarded as a rotation axle. As shown in FIG. 9, the protrusion end face 500 is generally parallel to the recess end face 600. Starting from this position, the protrusion end face 500 is installed in the recess end face 600 by applying a force on the upper surface 20 of the floor panel 10 containing the protrusion end face 500, and the protrusion 506 is led into the recess 606 in the manner described in FIGS. 3-5.

FIG. 10 shows a third preferred embodiment in which a protrusion end face 800 is already installed in a recess end face 900. A floor panel 10 has a length of T4 herein. As shown in FIG. 10, the protrusion end face 800 is characterized by a contour line 805 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. The recess end face 900 is characterized by a contour line 905 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. The protrusion contour line 805 and the recess contour line 905 respectively comprise in order a plane, a curved surface and technical features between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30.

A protrusion upper side surface 810 and a recess upper lip surface 910 are closely adjacent to the upper surface 20 and between each other form an angle of θ₂₄ which can be from 0 degree and 3 degrees, preferably about 1 degree. In this embodiment, the protrusion upper side surface 810 and the recess upper lip surface 910 can be respectively a plane, extending from the upper surface 20 a distance of from about 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm, preferably about 1.5 mm. The recess upper lip surface 910 preferably terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 911.

Adjacent to the protrusion upper side surface 810 is an upper protrusion first contact surface 820. As shown in FIG. 10, a upper recess first contact surface 920 is for example adjacent to the recess upper lip surface 910. In an installed state, the upper recess first contact surface 920 is adjacent to and generally coplanar with the upper protrusion first contact surface 820.

The upper protrusion first contact surface 820 extends from the protrusion upper side surface 810 a distance of from about 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.5 mm. The upper protrusion first contact surface 820 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 821 which is closely adjacent to another technical feature on the protrusion contour line 805. Said another technical feature can be a second protrusion upper side surface 822. The second protrusion upper side surface 822 can be orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. As shown in FIG. 10, the upper recess first contact surface 920 is closely adjacent to a second recess upper lip surface 922. In an installed state, the second recess upper lip surface 922 is for example parallel to and in contact with the second protrusion upper side surface 822. The second protrusion upper side surface 822 and the second recess upper lip surface 922 can extend between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably 0.5 mm. The second recess upper lip surface 922 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 923.

Adjacent to the second protrusion upper side surface 822 is an upper second protrusion contact surface 824. The upper second protrusion contact surface 824 is generally parallel to the upper first protrusion contact surface 820 and can extend from the protrusion upper side surface 810 about 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably about 1.2 mm. The upper protrusion second contact surface 824 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 825. As shown in FIG. 10, an upper second recess contact surface 924 can be for example adjacent to the second recess upper side surface 922. In an installed state, the upper second recess contact surface 924 is adjacent to and generally coplanar with the upper second protrusion contact surface 824.

Adjacent to the upper second protrusion contact surface 824 is a protrusion side surface 830. In the well installed state as shown in FIG. 10, along the protrusion contour line 805 and the recess contour line 905, no contact points are preferably provided in the segment from this point to the contact point between a lower third protrusion contact surface 870 and a lower third recess contact surface 970.

Along the protrusion contour line 805, the protrusion side surface 830 begins with the upper second protrusion contact surface 824. The protrusion side surface 830 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 831 and a second planar portion 832. The second horizontal portion 832 of the protrusion side surface 830 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 833.

Closely adjacent to the protrusion side surface 830 is a back notch 840. The back notch 840 can comprise three back notch surfaces: a first back notch surface 840 a, a second back notch surface 840 b and a third back notch surface 840 c. The first back notch surface 840 a can begin with a chamfer 833 and can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 841 a.

The second back notch surface 840 b closely adjacent to the first back notch surface 840 a can extend about 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably about 11.0 mm. The second back notch surface 840 b can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 841 b. The third back notch surface 840 c closely adjacent to the second back notch surface 840 b can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 841 c.

Closely adjacent to the chamfered transition surface 841 c, a protrusion lower surface 850 for example extends in a direction generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. The protrusion lower surface 850 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 851 which is closely adjacent to a protrusion guide surface 860 on the protrusion contour line 805. The angle formed between the protrusion guide surface 860 and the protrusion lower surface 850 is θ₃₁ which is between 90 degrees and 150 degrees, preferably 120 degrees.

Adjacent to one end of the protrusion guide surface 860 is a lower third protrusion contact surface 870, the third protrusion contact surface 870 having a length of between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm. The third protrusion contact surface 870 is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30. A protrusion boundary surface 880 is adjacent to one end of the third protrusion contact surface 870 and generally parallel to the protrusion guide surface 860.

The protrusion boundary surface 880 terminates at a first protrusion transition surface 890. The first protrusion transition surface 890 can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30 and terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 891. A second protrusion transition surface 892 extends from the first protrusion transition surface 890 to the floor contact surface 30 and is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30.

Therefore, the protrusion 806 is defined by the protrusion contour line 805 located between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 and can begin with the protrusion upper side surface 810 orthogonal to the upper surface 20.

As above discussed, in a completely joined state, the upper second recess contact surface 924 is longer than the upper second protrusion contact surface 824. Adjacent to the upper second recess contact surface 924 is a recess side surface 930 which can comprise a first planar portion 932. Adjacent to the first planar portion 932 is a second planar portion 934 which forms an angle θ₃₄ with the first planar portion 932, wherein θ₃₄ is between 90 degrees and 160 degrees, preferably 140 degrees. The recess side surface 930 can further comprise a continuous curved surface 936 which is closely adjacent to one end of the second planar portion 934. If desired, the continuous curved surface 936 can comprise a plurality of planes and curved surfaces. As shown in FIG. 10, closely adjacent to the recess side surface 930 is a recess lower surface 950 which can be substantially parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. There can be a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 951 between the recess lower surface 950 and next technical feature on the recess contour line 905. The next technical feature herein can be a recess boundary surface 960.

The angle between the recess boundary surface 960 and the recess lower surface 950 is θ₃₅ which is between 90 degrees and 150 degrees, preferably 120 degrees.

Adjacent to one end of the recess boundary surface 960 is a lower recess third contact surface 970 which has a length of between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm and is substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. Adjacent to one end of the lower recess third contact surface 970 is a recess guide surface 980 which can be generally parallel to the recess boundary surface 960. The recess guide surface 980 can comprise a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 981.

Adjacent to one end of the recess guide surface 980 is a first recess transition surface 990 which can be generally parallel to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30 and terminates at a sharp-angled or chamfered transition surface 991. A second recess transition surface 992 extends from the first recess surface 990 to the floor contact surface 30 and can be substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30.

Therefore, a recess 906 is defined by a recess contour line 905 between the upper surface 20 and the floor contact surface 30 and can extend to a vertical surface which is tangential to the recess side surface 930 and substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 20 and/or the floor contact surface 30. The technical features on the recess contour line 905 can mate with the technical features on the protrusion contour line 805.

FIG. 11 shows the installation process of three completely identical floor panels 10 a, 10 b and 10 c. The floor panel 10 a and the floor panel 10 b are installed by the above described method. The floor panel 10 c is installed by placing its two protrusion end faces in the corresponding recess end faces of the other two floor panels. A force is applied to the protrusion end faces of the floor panel 10 c so that the floor panel 10 c is pressed into the corresponding recess end faces. The flooring system 500 covers a certain floor area in this manner.

FIG. 12 shows that the installed flooring system 500 covers a whole rectangular floor area. The upper surface 20 of each floor panel can be seen from this figure. To precisely cover a floor area of a certain size or shape, some floor panels 10 need be cut before installation.

FIGS. 13-26 show other embodiments of the present invention with different sizes and line profiles. For example, FIG. 13 shows a selective embodiment in which a protrusion 106 does not have a back notch.

Although the present invention is described above in different embodiments, technical features therein should be understood as being individually used or used in combination. Hence, the present invention is not limited to the preferred special embodiments described above.

Furthermore, it is appreciated that those who are experienced and skilled in the technical field of the present invention are likely to notice some variations and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the special dimensions of the protrusion end face and the recess end face can obviously vary with material or thickness of the floor panel. Therefore, all modifications conceived by a person skilled in the art by understanding technical features disclosed in the present application within the spirit and scope of the present invention all should fall into the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention therefore is defined by the appended claims. 

1. A floor panel, comprising: (1) an upper surface; (2) a floor contact surface; (3) at least a recess end face including: an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface; a lower lip; and a recess including at least one upper recess contact surface, at least one lower recess contact surface and a recess guide surface; (4) at least one protrusion end face opposite to the recess end face, the protrusion end face comprising: a protrusion upper side surface adjacent to the upper surface; and a protrusion comprising at least one upper protrusion first contact surface, at least one lower protrusion second contact surface and a protrusion guide surface, wherein the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are configured and dimensioned to be coupled by positioning the protrusion on the lower recess lip and applying a compression force in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane of the upper surface which causes the protrusion guide surface to contact the recess guide surface and translates the protrusion into the recess; and wherein, when the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are coupled the upper protrusion contact surface engages the upper recess contact surface to prevent decoupling of the panel in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the upper surface, and the lower protrusion contact surface engages the lower recess contact surface to prevent decoupling of the panel in a direction perpendicular to the protrusion end surface.
 2. The floor panel according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion substantially extends along the entire length of the protrusion end face.
 3. The floor panel according to claim 1, wherein the recess substantially extends along the entire length of the recess end face.
 4. The floor panel according to claim 1, wherein for said floor panel, a second recess upper lip surface is provided at an outer end of the upper recess first contact surface and joined to the upper recess second contact surface, wherein the recess first upper lip surface is parallel to the recess second upper lip surface; the upper recess first contact surface is parallel to the upper recess second contact surface, and for said floor panel, a second protrusion upper side surface is provided at an outer end of the upper protrusion first contact surface and joined to the upper protrusion second contact surface, wherein the protrusion first upper side surface is parallel to the protrusion second upper side surface, and the upper protrusion first contact surface is parallel to the upper protrusion second contact surface.
 5. The floor panel according to claim 1, wherein said floor panel has a back notch in the lower surface of the protrusion thereof to introduce elasticity to said protrusion.
 6. A floor panel, comprising: (1) an upper surface; (2) a floor contact surface; (3) at least a recess end face including: an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface; a lower lip; and a recess portion including at least one upper recess contact surface and at least one lower recess contact surface and a recess guide surface; (4) at least one protrusion end face opposite to the recess end face, the protrusion end face comprising: a protrusion upper side surface adjacent to the upper surface; and a protrusion comprising at least one upper protrusion first contact surface, at least one lower protrusion second contact surface and a protrusion guide surface, wherein the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are configured and dimensioned to be coupled by positioning the protrusion on the lower recess lip and applying a compression force in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane of the upper surface which causes the protrusion guide surface to contact the recess guide surface and translates the protrusion into the recess; and wherein when the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are coupled, the upper protrusion contact surface engages the upper recess contact Surface to prevent decoupling of the panel in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the upper surface, and the lower protrusion contact surface engages the lower recess contact surface to prevent decoupling of the panel in a direction perpendicular to the protrusion end face, for said floor panel, a second recess upper lip surface is provided at an outer end of the upper recess first contact surface and joined to the upper recess second contact surface, wherein the recess first upper lip surface is parallel to the recess second upper lip surface; the upper recess first contact surface is parallel to the upper recess second contact surface, for said floor panel, a second protrusion upper side surface is provided at an outer end of the upper protrusion first contact surface and joined to the upper protrusion second contact surface, wherein the protrusion first upper side surface is parallel to the protrusion second upper side surface, and the upper protrusion first contact surface is parallel to the upper protrusion second contact surface.
 7. A floor panel, comprising: (1) an upper surface; (2) a floor contact surface; (3) at least a recess end face including: an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface; a lower lip; and a recess including at least one upper recess contact surface and at least one lower recess contact surface and a recess guide surface; (4) at least one protrusion end face opposite to the recess end face, the protrusion end face comprising: a protrusion upper side surface adjacent to the upper surface; and a protrusion comprising at least one upper protrusion first contact surface, at least one lower protrusion second contact surface and a protrusion guide surface, wherein the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are configured and dimensioned to be coupled by positioning the protrusion on the lower recess lip and applying a compression force in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane of the upper surface which causes the protrusion guide surface to contact the recess guide surface and translates the protrusion into the recess; and wherein, when the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are coupled, the upper protrusion contact surface engages the upper recess contact surface to prevent decoupling of the panel in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the upper surface, and the lower protrusion contact surface engages the lower recess contact surface to prevent decoupling of the panel in a direction perpendicular to the protrusion end surface, said floor panel has a back notch in the lower surface of the protrusion thereof to introduce elasticity to said protrusion.
 8. A flooring system comprising: a first floor panel and a second floor panel, wherein the first floor panel comprises: (1) an upper surface; (2) a floor contact surface; (3) at least one recess end face including: an upper lip adjacent to the upper surface; a lower lip; and a recess including one upper recess contact surface and one lower recess contact surface and a recess guide surface; wherein the second floor panel comprises: (1) an upper surface; (2) a floor contact surface; (3) at least one protrusion end face including: a protrusion upper side surface adjacent to the upper surface; and a protrusion comprising one upper protrusion first contact surface, one lower protrusion second contact surface and a protrusion guide surface, wherein, the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are configured and dimensioned to be coupled by positioning the protrusion on the lower recess lip and applying a compression force in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane of the upper surface which causes the protrusion guide surface to contact the recess guide surface and translates the protrusion into the recess; and wherein, when the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical panel one of the panel are coupled, the upper protrusion contact surface engages the upper recess contact surface to prevent decoupling of the panel in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the upper surface, and the lower protrusion contact surface encases the lower recess contact surface to prevent decoupling in a direction perpendicular to the protrusion end face.
 9. The flooring system according to claim 8, wherein when the protrusion end face and the recess end face of an identical one of the panel are coupled, clearance is formed between the protrusion and the lower recess lip.
 10. The flooring system according to claim 8, wherein the lower protrusion contact surface and the lower recess contact surface are inclined at 90 degree angle relative to the upper surface.
 11. The flooring system according to claim 8, wherein for said first floor panel, a second recess upper lip surface is provided at an outer end of the upper recess first contact surface and joined to the upper recess second contact surface, wherein the recess first upper lip surface is parallel to the recess second upper lip surface; the upper recess first contact surface is parallel to the upper recess second contact surface, and for said second floor panel, a second protrusion upper side surface is provided at an outer end of the upper protrusion first contact surface and joined to the upper protrusion second contact surface, wherein the protrusion first upper side surface is parallel to the protrusion second upper side surface, and the upper protrusion first contact surface is parallel to the upper protrusion second contact surface.
 12. A method of installing a flooring system, comprising: (1) positioning a first floor panel with a floor contact surface thereof on a floor surface or a liner material to be covered; (2) positioning a second floor panel, (3) positioning a protrusion of the second floor panel on a lower recess lip of the first floor panel; and (4) applying a compression force in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane of a decorative display surface which causes a protrusion guide surface to contact a recess guide surface and translates the protrusion into the recess.
 13. A floor panel snap-fitting structure for assembling a first floor panel and a second floor panel which are adjacent to each other, the floor panel snap-fitting structure comprising: a protrusion end face formed on the first floor panel and defining a protrusion; and a recess end face formed on the second floor panel and defining a recess for accommodating at least part of the protrusion; wherein the protrusion and the recess are configured to allow said at least part of the protrusion to be pressed into the recess in a vertical direction during assembling, thereby assembling the first floor panel together with the second floor panel, the vertical direction being substantially perpendicular to a plane where the first and second floor panels lie; wherein a back notch is formed on the protrusion and shaped and sized so as to introduce elasticity to the protrusion.
 14. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 13, wherein the notch is shaped and sized to introduce elasticity to the protrusion at least in a horizontal direction.
 15. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 13, wherein the notch is shaped and sized to allow the protrusion to be deformed during pressing of the protrusion into the recess.
 16. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 15, wherein the notch is shaped and sized to allow the protrusion to maintain its deformed shape or at least partially restore its original shape after the protrusion is pressed into the recess.
 17. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 13, wherein said notch extends through the whole protrusion and defines an extension direction.
 18. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 13, wherein in a plane perpendicular to said extension direction of said notch, said notch has an opening at a lower portion of the protrusion and extends upwardly or obliquely upwardly from the opening to the interior of the protrusion.
 19. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 18, wherein in a plane perpendicular to said extension direction of said back notch, said back notch has a substantially constant transverse dimension in the direction of extension from said opening to the interior of the protrusion.
 20. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 18, wherein in a plane perpendicular to said extension direction of said notch, the transverse dimensions of said back notch is tapered from the opening thereof in the direction of extension from said opening to the interior of the protrusion.
 21. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 18, wherein in a plane perpendicular to said extension direction of said notch, said notch is an elongated notch which extends a depth from said opening to the interior of said protrusion, the depth being larger than its transverse dimension.
 22. A floor panel snap-fitting structure for assembling a first floor panel and a second floor panel which are adjacent to each other, the floor panel snap-fitting structure comprising: a protrusion end face formed on the first floor panel and defining a protrusion; and a recess end face formed on the second floor panel and defining a recess for accommodating at least part of the protrusion; wherein the protrusion and the recess are configured to allow said at least part of the protrusion to be pressed into the recess in a vertical direction during assembling, thereby assembling the first floor panel together with the second floor panel, the vertical direction being substantially perpendicular to a plane where the first and second floor panels lie; wherein said protrusion end face comprises a protrusion docking surface, said recess end face comprises a recess docking surface, and wherein on completion of the assembling, said protrusion docking surface at least partially contacts said recess docking surface; wherein an upper step and a lower step are formed in the protrusion docking surface, the lower step extending beyond the upper step in a horizontal direction; an upper groove and a lower groove are formed in the recess docking surface, the upper groove extending beyond the lower groove in a horizontal direction; in an assembled state after completion of the assembling, the upper step and the lower step are respectively received in the upper groove and the lower groove.
 23. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 22, wherein said upper groove is configured to accommodate said lower step during assembling.
 24. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 22, wherein an upper surface of said upper step is substantially parallel to an upper surface of said upper groove.
 25. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 24, wherein the upper surface of said upper step and said upper surface of said upper groove are at an angle (θ₁₂) relative to a horizontal plane.
 26. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 22, wherein a side surface of said upper step is substantially parallel to a side surface of said upper groove.
 27. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 22, wherein an upper surface of said lower step is substantially parallel to an upper surface of said lower groove.
 28. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 27, wherein the upper surface of said lower step and the upper surface of said lower groove are at an angle (θ₁₃) relative to a horizontal plane.
 29. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 22, wherein the floor panel snap-fitting structure is configured to allow the first and second floor panels to be positioned in a positioned state during assembling, and in the positioned state the upper step of said first floor panel is located outside the upper groove and the lower groove of said second floor panel, and the lower step of said first floor panel is located in the upper groove of said second floor panel and contacts the upper groove; and said floor panel snap-fitting structure is configured to allow the first and second floor panels to move from the positioned state to the assembled state during the assembling.
 30. The floor panel snap-fitting structure according to claim 29, wherein in the positioned state the floor panel snap-fitting structure is configured to allow the first and second floor panels to be positioned at a first position and a second position, wherein at the first position the first floor panel is angled to the second floor panel, and at the second position the first floor panel is substantially parallel to said second floor panel; wherein said first floor panel is rotated about a contact portion of the lower step of the first floor panel and the upper groove of the second floor panel as an axle so that said first and second floor panels enter from the first position to the second position.
 31. A method for assembling a first floor panel and a second floor panel which are adjacent to each other, the first and second floor panels comprising a floor panel snap-fitting structure, the method comprising: positioning a lower step of said first floor panel in an upper groove of said second floor panel and contacting the lower step with the upper groove, wherein the first floor panel is angled to the second floor panel; rotating the first floor panel about a contact portion of the lower step of the first floor panel and the upper groove of the second floor panel as an axle so that said first floor panel is substantially parallel to the second floor panel; applying a force to the first floor panel in a vertical direction to allow the first floor panel and the second floor panel to enter an assembled state, wherein in the assembled state the upper step and the lower step of the first floor panel are respectively accommodated in the upper groove and the lower groove of the second floor panel, and the protrusion of the first floor panel is accommodated in the recess of the second floor panel. 